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Wola Okrzejska belonged to the writer's maternal grandmother, Felicjana Cieciszowska. His family were entitled to use the Polish Oszyk coat of arms. He had five siblings: an older brother, Kazimierz (who died during January Uprising of 1863-1864), and four sisters: Aniela, Helena, Zofia and Maria.

His mother descended from an old and affluent Podlachian family. His parents were Józef Sienkiewicz (1813–96) of the Oszyk coat of arms and Stefania Cieciszowska (1820–73). His family were impoverished Polish nobles, on his father's side deriving from Tatars who had settled in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Sienkiewicz was born on in Wola Okrzejska, now a village in the central part of the eastern Polish region of Lubelskie, then part of the Russian Empire. The Trilogy and Quo Vadis have been filmed, the latter several times, with Hollywood's 1951 version receiving the most international recognition. In Poland he is best known for his "Trilogy" of historical novels – With Fire and Sword, The Deluge, and Sir Michael – set in the 17th-century Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth internationally he is best known for Quo Vadis, set in Nero's Rome. He soon became one of the most popular Polish writers of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, and numerous translations gained him international renown, culminating in his receipt of the 1905 Nobel Prize in Literature for his "outstanding merits as an epic writer." In the 1880s he began serializing novels that further increased his popularity. In the late 1870s he traveled to the United States, sending back travel essays that won him popularity with Polish readers. He is best remembered for his historical novels, such as the Trilogy series and especially for his internationally known best-seller Quo Vadis (1896).īorn into an impoverished Polish noble family in Russian-ruled Congress Poland, in the late 1860s he began publishing journalistic and literary pieces. Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz ( US: / ʃ ɛ n ˈ k j eɪ v ɪ tʃ, - j ɛ v-/ shen- KYAY-vitch, -⁠ KYEV-itch, Polish: – 15 November 1916), also known by the pseudonym Litwos ( Polish pronunciation: ), was a Polish writer.